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Peptide record

TPDB72516

Neurotoxin standard
26 amino acids
Basic Information
3D PDB MODEL
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TPDB72516
Neurotoxin
Toxicity and safety peptides
NTxPred2
standard
No
A 26-aa standard natural neurotoxin peptide sequence curated from NTxPred2, with an available 3D structural model.
Sequence
FLPLLILGSLLMTPPVIQAIHDAQRG
Physicochemical Analysis
C131H217N33O33S1
NCEKWY
L
2814.43
7.85
2
1
14
+0
-0.12
0.904
153.85
Mammalian: 1.1 hour Yeast: 3 min E.coli: 2 min
0
0.00
4
Residue Composition
number
2
A
1
R
0
N
1
D
0
C
0
E
2
Q
2
G
1
H
3
I
6
L
0
K
1
M
1
F
3
P
1
S
1
T
0
W
0
Y
1
V
Amino Acid Distribution
A: 2 R: 1 N: 0 D: 1 C: 0 E: 0 Q: 2 G: 2 H: 1 I: 3 L: 6 K: 0 M: 1 F: 1 P: 3 S: 1 T: 1 W: 0 Y: 0 V: 1
Chemical Descriptors
26
C131H217N33O33S1
2814.43
7.85
+0
-0.12
0.904
Evidence Records 1 records
Evidence 1 Activity

Activity

Neurotoxin
FUNCTION: [Delta-paraponeritoxin-Pc1a]: Toxin that causes pain in vertebrates by targeting tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive sodium channels in peripheral sensory neurons (PubMed:37221205). Also blocks synaptic transmission and stimulates smooth muscle contraction (PubMed:12097919, PubMed:1685424, PubMed:1685425). Converts the normally rapidly activating and inactivating sodium channel current into one that does not inactivate (PubMed:27266841, PubMed:37221205). Is active on both Nav1.6/SCN8A and Nav1.7/SCN9A sodium channels, with a much potent activity on Nav1.6/SCN8A (EC(50)=97 nM on human channels) than on Nav1.7/SCN9A (EC(50)=2.3 uM on human and EC(50)=1.8 uM on mouse channels) (PubMed:27266841, PubMed:37221205). On these channels, causes a sustained current, a reduction in peak current amplitude and a hyperpolarising shift (PubMed:27266841, PubMed:37221205). Modulates Nav1.7/SCN9A in a non-competitive manner with TTX or tetracaine (Probable). Toxin-induced persistant current is very slowly reversible with repeated wash steps over 30 minutes (PubMed:37221205). In vivo, shallow intraplantar injection in mice causes immediate, long-lasting and near-maximal nocifensive behaviors, which decrease with coinjection of TTX (PubMed:37221205). When tested on insects, causes paralysis but not mortality at high doses (PubMed:37221205). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12097919, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1685424, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1685425, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27266841, ECO:0000269|PubMed:37221205, ECO:0000305|PubMed:27266841}.

Target

voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav)

Source & Reference

NA
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Tox-Prot

Other

Paraponera clavata (Bullet ant) (Formica clavata)
Neurotoxin Postsynaptic neurotoxin Presynaptic neurotoxin Ion channel impairing toxin Voltage-gated sodium channel impairing toxin
[Delta-paraponeritoxin-Pc1a]: Toxin that causes pain in vertebrates by targeting tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive sodium channels in peripheral sensory neurons (PubMed:37221205). Also blocks synaptic transmission and stimulates smooth muscle contraction (PubMed:12097919, PubMed:1685424, PubMed:1685425).
Glycyl-poneratoxin (Glycyl-PoTx) [Cleaved into: Delta-paraponeritoxin-Pc1a (Delta-PPOTX-Pc1a) (Pac-TX) (Poneratoxin) (PoTX) (Poneritoxin)]
insect
Evidence at protein level
3D-structure Amidation Direct protein sequencing Ion channel impairing toxin Neurotoxin Postsynaptic neurotoxin Presynaptic neurotoxin Secreted Toxin Voltage-gated sodium channel impairing toxin
TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed by the venom gland. {ECO:0000305|PubMed:1685424}.
Additional Detail Fields 6 fields
3D-structure Amidation Direct protein sequencing Ion channel impairing toxin Neurotoxin Postsynaptic neurotoxin Presynaptic neurotoxin Secreted Toxin Voltage-gated sodium channel impairing toxin
Neurotoxin Postsynaptic neurotoxin Presynaptic neurotoxin Ion channel impairing toxin Voltage-gated sodium channel impairing toxin
Evidence at protein level
Glycyl-poneratoxin (Glycyl-PoTx) [Cleaved into: Delta-paraponeritoxin-Pc1a (Delta-PPOTX-Pc1a) (Pac-TX) (Poneratoxin) (PoTX) (Poneritoxin)]
TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed by the venom gland. {ECO:0000305|PubMed:1685424}.
insect