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Peptide record

TPDB10850

MEL Melittin Melittin(Mel) Antibacterial Anticancer Antifungal Antiparasitic Antiviral Blood-Brain Barrier Cell-penetrating Peptides Hemolysis Neuropeptide Toxicity standard
26 amino acids
Basic Information
3D PDB MODEL
Drag to rotate. Click a residue or atom to inspect it; the selected residue is highlighted in amber.
TPDB10850
MEL Melittin Melittin(Mel)
Antibacterial Anticancer Antifungal Antiparasitic Antiviral Blood-Brain Barrier Cell-penetrating Peptides Hemolysis Neuropeptide Toxicity
Anti-infective peptides Cancer-related peptides Toxicity and safety peptides Delivery and barrier-penetrating peptides Neuroactive peptides
AntiBP3 dbAMP DRAMP Peptipedia ACP740 _ACP240 AntiCP 2.0 CancerPPD 2.0 SATPdb dbACP iACP-DRLF pep-lab AFP-GFuse Antifungipept CAFPdb dbAMP 3.0 i2APP AI4AVP DRAVP 2.0 BBPpredict CellPPD-MOD CPPsite3.0 APD_complete APD_hemolytic HemoPI Hemolytic2 PD_Hemolysis ToxinPred 3.0
standard
No
A 26-aa standard natural multi-activity (Antibacterial, Anticancer, Antifungal, and other sources) peptide sequence curated from AntiBP3, dbAMP, DRAMP, and other sources, with an available 3D structural model.
Sequence
GIGAVLKVLTTGLPALISWIKRKRQQ
Physicochemical Analysis
C131H228N38O32
NDCEHMFY
L
2847.49
12.43
5
0
12
+5
1.42
0.273
135.00
Mammalian: 30 hour Yeast: >20 hour E.coli: >10 hour
5500
193.15
5
Residue Composition
number
2
A
2
R
0
N
0
D
0
C
0
E
2
Q
3
G
0
H
3
I
4
L
3
K
0
M
0
F
1
P
1
S
2
T
1
W
0
Y
2
V
Amino Acid Distribution
A: 2 R: 2 N: 0 D: 0 C: 0 E: 0 Q: 2 G: 3 H: 0 I: 3 L: 4 K: 3 M: 0 F: 0 P: 1 S: 1 T: 2 W: 1 Y: 0 V: 2
Chemical Descriptors
26
C131H228N38O32
2847.49
12.43
+5
1.42
0.273
Free
L
Amphipathic Cationic
Linear
Linear
Free
Antimicrobial
Main component of honey bee venom
NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)O N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)O N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)O NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CN=C(C)/C/1=C\C)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=C(C(=NC1)C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)O
Evidence Records 92 records
Evidence 1 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antibacterial
5-10 µg/mL

Target

Escherichia coli W 160-37

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP

Other

Source Activity Label Source Definition
Antibacterial
dbAMP classified as Antibacterial under the Anti-bacterial function class. DRAMP antibacterial activity supported by MIC records against bacterial target organisms.
Active against E. coli W 160-37 (MIC 5-10 ug/ml), S. aureus 8530B (MIC 10-15 ug/ml), B. subtilis (MIC 2-4 ug/ml), and P. putida NCIM 2102
Evidence 2 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antibacterial
10-15 µg/mL

Target

Staphylococcus aureus 8530B

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP

Other

Active against E. coli W 160-37 (MIC 5-10 ug/ml), S. aureus 8530B (MIC 10-15 ug/ml), B. subtilis (MIC 2-4 ug/ml), and P. putida NCIM 2102 (MIC 25-35 ug/ml) (ref AP252). Also
Evidence 3 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antibacterial
2-4 µg/mL

Target

B. subtilis

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP

Other

Active against E. coli W 160-37 (MIC 5-10 ug/ml), S. aureus 8530B (MIC 10-15 ug/ml), B. subtilis (MIC 2-4 ug/ml), and P. putida NCIM 2102 (MIC 25-35 ug/ml) (ref AP252). Also Active against Gram+ B. mega
Evidence 4 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antibacterial
25-35 µg/mL

Target

P. putida NCIM 2102

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP

Other

-37 (MIC 5-10 ug/ml), S. aureus 8530B (MIC 10-15 ug/ml), B. subtilis (MIC 2-4 ug/ml), and P. putida NCIM 2102 (MIC 25-35 ug/ml) (ref AP252). Also Active against Gram+ B. megaterium Bm11 (LD=Lethal conc. 0.6 uM), S. au
Evidence 5 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antibacterial
1.1 µM

Target

S. mutants

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP

Other

: D=L. Also active against colistin-resistant A. baumannii. Active against Gram+ bacteria S. mutants (MIC 1.1 uM), S. aureus (MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MI
Evidence 6 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antibacterial
4.4 µM

Target

Staphylococcus aureus

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP

Other

t colistin-resistant A. baumannii. Active against Gram+ bacteria S. mutants (MIC 1.1 uM), S. aureus (MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa
Evidence 7 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antibacterial
2.2 µM

Target

E. faecium

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP

Other

annii. Active against Gram+ bacteria S. mutants (MIC 1.1 uM), S. aureus (MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnifi
Evidence 8 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antibacterial
1.1 µM

Target

Escherichia coli O-157

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP

Other

ants (MIC 1.1 uM), S. aureus (MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.
Evidence 9 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antibacterial
2.2 µM

Target

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP

Other

(MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4
Evidence 10 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antibacterial
4.4 µM

Target

V. vulnificus

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP

Other

IC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see
Evidence 11 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antibacterial
8.8 µM

Target

Candida albicans

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP

Other

O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see ref. AP1480). Active against E. co
Evidence 12 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antibacterial
4.4 µM

Target

T. beigelii

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP

Other

ruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see ref. AP1480). Active against E. coli 25922 or UB1005 (MIC 2
Evidence 13 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antibacterial
8.8 µM

Target

M. furfur

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP

Other

V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see ref. AP1480). Active against E. coli 25922 or UB1005 (MIC 2 uM), S. aureus 29213 or
Evidence 14 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antibacterial
2 µM

Target

Escherichia coli 25922 or UB1005

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP

Other

8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see ref. AP1480). Active against E. coli 25922 or UB1005 (MIC 2 uM), S. aureus 29213 or 25923 (MIC 2 uM or >), L.rhamnosus 1.0385 or 1.0911 (MIC >128 uM), L.
Evidence 15 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antibacterial
>128 µM

Target

L.plantarum 7469

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP

Other

M), S. aureus 29213 or 25923 (MIC 2 uM or >), L.rhamnosus 1.0385 or 1.0911 (MIC >128 uM), L.plantarum 7469 (MIC >128 uM), S.thermophilus YM-C (MIC >128 uM) (for ref, see AP5638). Fungi: 6 strains C. albicans cg
Evidence 16 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antibacterial
>128 µM

Target

S.thermophilus YM-C

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP

Other

C 2 uM or >), L.rhamnosus 1.0385 or 1.0911 (MIC >128 uM), L.plantarum 7469 (MIC >128 uM), S.thermophilus YM-C (MIC >128 uM) (for ref, see AP5638). Fungi: 6 strains C. albicans cgmcc 2.2086 (MIC 2-4 uM), C. tropica
Evidence 17 Activity

Activity

102.9 ± 4.1% cell growth inhibition at 1 µM
Anticancer

Target

Skin Cancer
SCC25
Skin

Assay & Model

Cell Viability assay
24-h

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 CancerPPD 2.0 dbACP SATPdb
CancerPPD2
2014

Other

Source Activity Label Source Definition
Anticancer
CancerPPD 2.0 manually curated experimentally verified anticancer peptide/protein annotation. dbAMP 3.0 classified as Anticancer under the disease-associated peptide function classes.
Evidence 18 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antifungal
5-10 µg/mL

Target

Escherichia coli W 160-37

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP CAFPdb Antifungipept

Other

Source Activity Label Source Definition
Antifungal
dbAMP classified under the Anti-fungal function class. DRAMP antifungal activity supported by activity records against fungal target organisms.
Active against E. coli W 160-37 (MIC 5-10 ug/ml), S. aureus 8530B (MIC 10-15 ug/ml), B. subtilis (MIC 2-4 ug/ml), and P. putida NCIM 2102
Evidence 19 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antifungal
10-15 µg/mL

Target

Staphylococcus aureus 8530B

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP CAFPdb Antifungipept

Other

Active against E. coli W 160-37 (MIC 5-10 ug/ml), S. aureus 8530B (MIC 10-15 ug/ml), B. subtilis (MIC 2-4 ug/ml), and P. putida NCIM 2102 (MIC 25-35 ug/ml) (ref AP252). Also
Evidence 20 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antifungal
2-4 µg/mL

Target

B. subtilis

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP CAFPdb Antifungipept

Other

Active against E. coli W 160-37 (MIC 5-10 ug/ml), S. aureus 8530B (MIC 10-15 ug/ml), B. subtilis (MIC 2-4 ug/ml), and P. putida NCIM 2102 (MIC 25-35 ug/ml) (ref AP252). Also Active against Gram+ B. mega
Evidence 21 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antifungal
25-35 µg/mL

Target

P. putida NCIM 2102

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP CAFPdb Antifungipept

Other

-37 (MIC 5-10 ug/ml), S. aureus 8530B (MIC 10-15 ug/ml), B. subtilis (MIC 2-4 ug/ml), and P. putida NCIM 2102 (MIC 25-35 ug/ml) (ref AP252). Also Active against Gram+ B. megaterium Bm11 (LD=Lethal conc. 0.6 uM), S. au
Evidence 22 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antifungal
1.1 µM

Target

S. mutants

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP CAFPdb Antifungipept

Other

: D=L. Also active against colistin-resistant A. baumannii. Active against Gram+ bacteria S. mutants (MIC 1.1 uM), S. aureus (MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MI
Evidence 23 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antifungal
4.4 µM

Target

Staphylococcus aureus

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP CAFPdb Antifungipept

Other

t colistin-resistant A. baumannii. Active against Gram+ bacteria S. mutants (MIC 1.1 uM), S. aureus (MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa
Evidence 24 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antifungal
2.2 µM

Target

E. faecium

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP CAFPdb Antifungipept

Other

annii. Active against Gram+ bacteria S. mutants (MIC 1.1 uM), S. aureus (MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnifi
Evidence 25 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antifungal
1.1 µM

Target

Escherichia coli O-157

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP CAFPdb Antifungipept

Other

ants (MIC 1.1 uM), S. aureus (MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.
Evidence 26 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antifungal
2.2 µM

Target

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP CAFPdb Antifungipept

Other

(MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4
Evidence 27 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antifungal
4.4 µM

Target

V. vulnificus

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP CAFPdb Antifungipept

Other

IC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see
Evidence 28 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antifungal
8.8 µM

Target

Candida albicans

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP CAFPdb Antifungipept

Other

O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see ref. AP1480). Active against E. co
Evidence 29 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antifungal
4.4 µM

Target

T. beigelii

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP CAFPdb Antifungipept

Other

ruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see ref. AP1480). Active against E. coli 25922 or UB1005 (MIC 2
Evidence 30 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antifungal
8.8 µM

Target

M. furfur

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP CAFPdb Antifungipept

Other

V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see ref. AP1480). Active against E. coli 25922 or UB1005 (MIC 2 uM), S. aureus 29213 or
Evidence 31 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antifungal
2 µM

Target

Escherichia coli 25922 or UB1005

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP CAFPdb Antifungipept

Other

8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see ref. AP1480). Active against E. coli 25922 or UB1005 (MIC 2 uM), S. aureus 29213 or 25923 (MIC 2 uM or >), L.rhamnosus 1.0385 or 1.0911 (MIC >128 uM), L.
Evidence 32 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antifungal
>128 µM

Target

L.plantarum 7469

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP CAFPdb Antifungipept

Other

M), S. aureus 29213 or 25923 (MIC 2 uM or >), L.rhamnosus 1.0385 or 1.0911 (MIC >128 uM), L.plantarum 7469 (MIC >128 uM), S.thermophilus YM-C (MIC >128 uM) (for ref, see AP5638). Fungi: 6 strains C. albicans cg
Evidence 33 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antifungal
>128 µM

Target

S.thermophilus YM-C

Source & Reference

dbAMP DRAMP CAFPdb Antifungipept

Other

C 2 uM or >), L.rhamnosus 1.0385 or 1.0911 (MIC >128 uM), L.plantarum 7469 (MIC >128 uM), S.thermophilus YM-C (MIC >128 uM) (for ref, see AP5638). Fungi: 6 strains C. albicans cgmcc 2.2086 (MIC 2-4 uM), C. tropica
Evidence 34 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiparasitic
5-10 µg/mL

Target

Escherichia coli W 160-37

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP

Other

Source Activity Label Source Definition
Antiparasitic
DRAMP antiparasitic activity supported by activity records against parasitic targets. dbAMP 3.0 classified under the Anti-parasitic function class.
Active against E. coli W 160-37 (MIC 5-10 ug/ml), S. aureus 8530B (MIC 10-15 ug/ml), B. subtilis (MIC 2-4 ug/ml), and P. putida NCIM 2102
Evidence 35 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiparasitic
10-15 µg/mL

Target

Staphylococcus aureus 8530B

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP

Other

Active against E. coli W 160-37 (MIC 5-10 ug/ml), S. aureus 8530B (MIC 10-15 ug/ml), B. subtilis (MIC 2-4 ug/ml), and P. putida NCIM 2102 (MIC 25-35 ug/ml) (ref AP252). Also
Evidence 36 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiparasitic
2-4 µg/mL

Target

B. subtilis

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP

Other

Active against E. coli W 160-37 (MIC 5-10 ug/ml), S. aureus 8530B (MIC 10-15 ug/ml), B. subtilis (MIC 2-4 ug/ml), and P. putida NCIM 2102 (MIC 25-35 ug/ml) (ref AP252). Also Active against Gram+ B. mega
Evidence 37 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiparasitic
25-35 µg/mL

Target

P. putida NCIM 2102

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP

Other

-37 (MIC 5-10 ug/ml), S. aureus 8530B (MIC 10-15 ug/ml), B. subtilis (MIC 2-4 ug/ml), and P. putida NCIM 2102 (MIC 25-35 ug/ml) (ref AP252). Also Active against Gram+ B. megaterium Bm11 (LD=Lethal conc. 0.6 uM), S. au
Evidence 38 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiparasitic
1.1 µM

Target

S. mutants

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP

Other

: D=L. Also active against colistin-resistant A. baumannii. Active against Gram+ bacteria S. mutants (MIC 1.1 uM), S. aureus (MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MI
Evidence 39 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiparasitic
4.4 µM

Target

Staphylococcus aureus

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP

Other

t colistin-resistant A. baumannii. Active against Gram+ bacteria S. mutants (MIC 1.1 uM), S. aureus (MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa
Evidence 40 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiparasitic
2.2 µM

Target

E. faecium

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP

Other

annii. Active against Gram+ bacteria S. mutants (MIC 1.1 uM), S. aureus (MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnifi
Evidence 41 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiparasitic
1.1 µM

Target

Escherichia coli O-157

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP

Other

ants (MIC 1.1 uM), S. aureus (MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.
Evidence 42 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiparasitic
2.2 µM

Target

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP

Other

(MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4
Evidence 43 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiparasitic
4.4 µM

Target

V. vulnificus

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP

Other

IC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see
Evidence 44 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiparasitic
8.8 µM

Target

Candida albicans

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP

Other

O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see ref. AP1480). Active against E. co
Evidence 45 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiparasitic
4.4 µM

Target

T. beigelii

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP

Other

ruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see ref. AP1480). Active against E. coli 25922 or UB1005 (MIC 2
Evidence 46 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiparasitic
8.8 µM

Target

M. furfur

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP

Other

V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see ref. AP1480). Active against E. coli 25922 or UB1005 (MIC 2 uM), S. aureus 29213 or
Evidence 47 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiparasitic
2 µM

Target

Escherichia coli 25922 or UB1005

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP

Other

8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see ref. AP1480). Active against E. coli 25922 or UB1005 (MIC 2 uM), S. aureus 29213 or 25923 (MIC 2 uM or >), L.rhamnosus 1.0385 or 1.0911 (MIC >128 uM), L.
Evidence 48 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiparasitic
>128 µM

Target

L.plantarum 7469

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP

Other

M), S. aureus 29213 or 25923 (MIC 2 uM or >), L.rhamnosus 1.0385 or 1.0911 (MIC >128 uM), L.plantarum 7469 (MIC >128 uM), S.thermophilus YM-C (MIC >128 uM) (for ref, see AP5638). Fungi: 6 strains C. albicans cg
Evidence 49 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiparasitic
>128 µM

Target

S.thermophilus YM-C

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP

Other

C 2 uM or >), L.rhamnosus 1.0385 or 1.0911 (MIC >128 uM), L.plantarum 7469 (MIC >128 uM), S.thermophilus YM-C (MIC >128 uM) (for ref, see AP5638). Fungi: 6 strains C. albicans cgmcc 2.2086 (MIC 2-4 uM), C. tropica
Evidence 50 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiviral
5-10 µg/mL

Target

Escherichia coli W 160-37

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP DRAVP 2.0

Other

Source Activity Label Source Definition
Antiviral
DRAMP antiviral activity supported by activity records against viral targets. dbAMP 3.0 classified under the Anti-viral function class.
Active against E. coli W 160-37 (MIC 5-10 ug/ml), S. aureus 8530B (MIC 10-15 ug/ml), B. subtilis (MIC 2-4 ug/ml), and P. putida NCIM 2102
Evidence 51 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiviral
10-15 µg/mL

Target

Staphylococcus aureus 8530B

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP DRAVP 2.0

Other

Active against E. coli W 160-37 (MIC 5-10 ug/ml), S. aureus 8530B (MIC 10-15 ug/ml), B. subtilis (MIC 2-4 ug/ml), and P. putida NCIM 2102 (MIC 25-35 ug/ml) (ref AP252). Also
Evidence 52 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiviral
2-4 µg/mL

Target

B. subtilis

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP DRAVP 2.0

Other

Active against E. coli W 160-37 (MIC 5-10 ug/ml), S. aureus 8530B (MIC 10-15 ug/ml), B. subtilis (MIC 2-4 ug/ml), and P. putida NCIM 2102 (MIC 25-35 ug/ml) (ref AP252). Also Active against Gram+ B. mega
Evidence 53 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiviral
25-35 µg/mL

Target

P. putida NCIM 2102

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP DRAVP 2.0

Other

-37 (MIC 5-10 ug/ml), S. aureus 8530B (MIC 10-15 ug/ml), B. subtilis (MIC 2-4 ug/ml), and P. putida NCIM 2102 (MIC 25-35 ug/ml) (ref AP252). Also Active against Gram+ B. megaterium Bm11 (LD=Lethal conc. 0.6 uM), S. au
Evidence 54 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiviral
1.1 µM

Target

S. mutants

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP DRAVP 2.0

Other

: D=L. Also active against colistin-resistant A. baumannii. Active against Gram+ bacteria S. mutants (MIC 1.1 uM), S. aureus (MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MI
Evidence 55 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiviral
4.4 µM

Target

Staphylococcus aureus

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP DRAVP 2.0

Other

t colistin-resistant A. baumannii. Active against Gram+ bacteria S. mutants (MIC 1.1 uM), S. aureus (MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa
Evidence 56 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiviral
2.2 µM

Target

E. faecium

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP DRAVP 2.0

Other

annii. Active against Gram+ bacteria S. mutants (MIC 1.1 uM), S. aureus (MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnifi
Evidence 57 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiviral
1.1 µM

Target

Escherichia coli O-157

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP DRAVP 2.0

Other

ants (MIC 1.1 uM), S. aureus (MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.
Evidence 58 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiviral
2.2 µM

Target

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP DRAVP 2.0

Other

(MIC 4.4 uM), and E. faecium (MIC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4
Evidence 59 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiviral
4.4 µM

Target

V. vulnificus

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP DRAVP 2.0

Other

IC 2.2 uM) and gram- bacteria E. coli O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see
Evidence 60 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiviral
8.8 µM

Target

Candida albicans

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP DRAVP 2.0

Other

O-157 (MIC 1.1 uM), P. aeruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see ref. AP1480). Active against E. co
Evidence 61 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiviral
4.4 µM

Target

T. beigelii

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP DRAVP 2.0

Other

ruginosa (MIC 2.2 uM), and V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see ref. AP1480). Active against E. coli 25922 or UB1005 (MIC 2
Evidence 62 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiviral
8.8 µM

Target

M. furfur

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP DRAVP 2.0

Other

V. vulnificus (MIC 4.4 uM) and fungi C. albicans (MIC 8.8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see ref. AP1480). Active against E. coli 25922 or UB1005 (MIC 2 uM), S. aureus 29213 or
Evidence 63 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiviral
2 µM

Target

Escherichia coli 25922 or UB1005

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP DRAVP 2.0

Other

8 uM), T. beigelii (MIC 4.4 uM), M. furfur (MIC 8.8 uM) (see ref. AP1480). Active against E. coli 25922 or UB1005 (MIC 2 uM), S. aureus 29213 or 25923 (MIC 2 uM or >), L.rhamnosus 1.0385 or 1.0911 (MIC >128 uM), L.
Evidence 64 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiviral
>128 µM

Target

L.plantarum 7469

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP DRAVP 2.0

Other

M), S. aureus 29213 or 25923 (MIC 2 uM or >), L.rhamnosus 1.0385 or 1.0911 (MIC >128 uM), L.plantarum 7469 (MIC >128 uM), S.thermophilus YM-C (MIC >128 uM) (for ref, see AP5638). Fungi: 6 strains C. albicans cg
Evidence 65 Activity

Activity

MIC
Antiviral
>128 µM

Target

S.thermophilus YM-C

Source & Reference

dbAMP 3.0 DRAMP DRAVP 2.0

Other

C 2 uM or >), L.rhamnosus 1.0385 or 1.0911 (MIC >128 uM), L.plantarum 7469 (MIC >128 uM), S.thermophilus YM-C (MIC >128 uM) (for ref, see AP5638). Fungi: 6 strains C. albicans cgmcc 2.2086 (MIC 2-4 uM), C. tropica
Evidence 66 Activity

Activity

Cell-penetrating Peptides

Target

E. Coli Atcc 25922

Source & Reference

CPPsite3.0
CPPsite3

Other

Source Activity Label Source Definition
Cell-penetrating Peptides
CPPsite3.0 experimentally validated cell-penetrating peptide annotation.
Natural residues Linear L Amphipathic
Protein derived
Cytoplasm
In vitro
CHHHHHHHHTTTC
Evidence 67 Activity

Activity

Cell-penetrating Peptides

Target

M2-Differentiated RAW264.7 Macrophages

Assay & Model

Sub-cutaneous tumor-bearing C57BL/6 wild-type mice
Sub-cutaneous tumor-bearing C57BL/6 wild-type mice

Source & Reference

CPPsite3.0
CPPsite3

Other

Natural residues Linear L
Protein derived
TMR-conjugated at N terminus
MEL did not colocalized with Mitochondria (MEL binding (ρ = − 0.336))
In vitro and in vivo
CTHHHHHHHTTTCC
Evidence 68 Activity

Activity

Cell-penetrating Peptides

Target

Monomac6 Human Monocytes

Source & Reference

CPPsite3.0
CPPsite3

Other

Natural residues Linear L Cationic
Protein derived
Highly membrane disrupting peptide and No difference in cellular uptake slightly between Cf-labelled and non-labelled
In vitro
CTTHHHHTTTTSCC
Evidence 69 Activity

Activity

Cell-penetrating Peptides

Target

Cultured Mucosal Explants (Enterocytes)

Source & Reference

CPPsite3.0
CPPsite3

Other

Natural residues Linear L Amphipathic
Protein derived
Cytosol
Endocytosis
In vitro
CCCCGGGGGSCCCCCC
Evidence 70 Activity

Activity

Cell-penetrating Peptides

Target

HeLa-654 Cells

Source & Reference

CPPsite3.0
CPPsite3

Other

Non-natural residues Linear L Amphipathic
Protein derived
SulfoCy5-labelled PMOs
Nucleus
Endocytosis
In vitro
Evidence 71 Activity

Activity

Neuropeptide

Source & Reference

NA
NeuroPepV2
Evidence 72 Activity

Activity

95% Hemolysis
Toxicity
80 µg/mL
Hemolytic Cytotoxic
95% Hemolysis | 80 | µg/mL | target cell: Human erythrocytes

Target

Human erythrocytes

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
Evaluation of the inactivation of infectious Herpes simplex virus by host-defense peptides. | Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis | 2000
Evidence 73 Activity

Activity

50% Hemolysis
Toxicity
1.5 µM
Hemolytic Cytotoxic
50% Hemolysis | 1.5 | µM | target cell: Mouse erythrocytes

Target

Mouse erythrocytes

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
Gene transfer with poly-melittin peptides. | Bioconjug Chem | 2006
Evidence 74 Activity

Activity

50% Hemolysis
Toxicity
0.6 µM
Hemolytic Cytotoxic
50% Hemolysis | 0.6 | µM | target cell: Human erythrocytes

Target

Human erythrocytes

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
Activities of four frog skin-derived antimicrobial peptides (temporin-1DRa, temporin-1Va and the melittin-related peptides AR-23 and RV-23) against anaerobic bacteria. | Int J Antimicrob Agents | 2007
Evidence 75 Activity

Activity

10% Hemolysis
Toxicity
0.16 µM
Hemolytic Cytotoxic
10% Hemolysis | 0.16 | µM | target cell: Human erythrocytes

Target

Human erythrocytes

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
Reduction of helical content by insertion of a disulfide bond leads to an antimicrobial peptide with decreased hemolytic activity. | ChemMedChem | 2013
Evidence 76 Activity

Activity

100% Hemolysis
Toxicity
10 µg/mL
Hemolytic Cytotoxic
100% Hemolysis | 10 | µg/mL | target cell: Human erythrocytes

Target

Human erythrocytes

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
Individual substitution analogs of Mel(12-26), melittin's C-terminal 15-residue peptide: their antimicrobial and hemolytic actions | FEBS Lett | 2003
Evidence 77 Activity

Activity

50% Hemolysis
Toxicity
5 µg/mL
Hemolytic Cytotoxic
50% Hemolysis | 5 | µg/mL | target cell: Human erythrocytes

Target

Human erythrocytes

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
Evidence 78 Activity

Activity

10% Hemolysis
Toxicity
1.78 µg/mL
Hemolytic Cytotoxic
10% Hemolysis | 1.78 | µg/mL | target cell: Human erythrocytes

Target

Human erythrocytes

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
Individual substitution analogs of Mel(12-26), melittin's C-terminal 15-residue peptide: their antimicrobial and hemolytic actions | FEBS Lett | 2003
Evidence 79 Activity

Activity

100% Hemolysis
Toxicity
6.25 µM
Hemolytic Cytotoxic
100% Hemolysis | 6.25 | µM | target cell: Human erythrocytes

Target

Human erythrocytes

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
Antimicrobial effect and membrane-active mechanism of Urechistachykinins, neuropeptides derived from Urechis unicinctus | FEBS Lett | 2008
Evidence 80 Activity

Activity

75% Hemolysis
Toxicity
3.12 µM
Hemolytic Cytotoxic
75% Hemolysis | 3.12 | µM | target cell: Human erythrocytes

Target

Human erythrocytes

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
Antimicrobial effect and membrane-active mechanism of Urechistachykinins, neuropeptides derived from Urechis unicinctus | FEBS Lett | 2008
Evidence 81 Activity

Activity

50% Hemolysis
Toxicity
2.55 µg/mL
Hemolytic Cytotoxic
50% Hemolysis | 2.55 | µg/mL | target cell: Human erythrocytes

Target

Human erythrocytes

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
The role of amphipathicity in the folding, self-association and biological activity of multiple subunit small proteins | J Biol Chem | 1995
Evidence 82 Activity

Activity

50% Hemolysis
Toxicity
2.57 µg/mL
Hemolytic Cytotoxic
50% Hemolysis | 2.57 | µg/mL | target cell: Human erythrocytes

Target

Human erythrocytes

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
The role of amphipathicity in the folding, self-association and biological activity of multiple subunit small proteins | J Biol Chem | 1995
Evidence 83 Activity

Activity

100% Hemolysis
Toxicity
25 µM
Hemolytic Cytotoxic
100% Hemolysis | 25 | µM | target cell: Human erythrocytes

Target

Human erythrocytes

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
Biological activity of Tat (47-58) peptide on human pathogenic fungi | Biochem Biophys Res Commun | 2006
Evidence 84 Activity

Activity

63% Hemolysis
Toxicity
1.56 µM
Hemolytic Cytotoxic
63% Hemolysis | 1.56 | µM | target cell: Human erythrocytes

Target

Human erythrocytes

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
Biological activity of Tat (47-58) peptide on human pathogenic fungi | Biochem Biophys Res Commun | 2006
Evidence 85 Activity

Activity

50% Hemolysis
Toxicity
0.339±0.0854 µM
Hemolytic Cytotoxic
50% Hemolysis | 0.339±0.0854 | µM | target cell: Human erythrocytes

Target

Human erythrocytes

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
Comparative analysis of internalisation, haemolytic, cytotoxic and antibacterial effect of membrane-active cationic peptides: aspects of experimental setup. | Amino Acids | 2017
Evidence 86 Activity

Activity

IC50
Toxicity
0.941±0.237 µM
Cytotoxic
IC50 | 0.941±0.237 | µM | target cell: Human PBMC

Target

Human PBMC

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
Comparative analysis of internalisation, haemolytic, cytotoxic and antibacterial effect of membrane-active cationic peptides: aspects of experimental setup. | Amino Acids | 2017
Evidence 87 Activity

Activity

EC50
Toxicity
5.4 µM
Cytotoxic
EC50 | 5.4 | µM | target cell: Human fibroblasts WI-38

Target

Human fibroblasts WI-38

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
Designing Anticancer Peptides by Constructive Machine Learning. | ChemMedChem | 2018
Evidence 88 Activity

Activity

95% Hemolysis
Toxicity
10 µM
Hemolytic Cytotoxic
95% Hemolysis | 10 | µM | target cell: Mouse erythrocytes

Target

Mouse erythrocytes

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
Effect of dimerized melittin on gastric cancer cells and antibacterial activity. | Amino Acids | 2018
Evidence 89 Activity

Activity

IC50
Toxicity
5.04±3.05 µM
Cytotoxic
IC50 | 5.04±3.05 | µM | target cell: Human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells

Target

Human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
Dimerization and lysine substitution of melittin have differing effects on bacteria | Front Pharmacol | 2024
Evidence 90 Activity

Activity

50% Hemolysis
Toxicity
0.20±0.03 µM
Hemolytic Cytotoxic
50% Hemolysis | 0.20±0.03 | µM | target cell: Chicken erythrocytes

Target

Chicken erythrocytes

Source & Reference

NA
DBAASP
Dimerization and lysine substitution of melittin have differing effects on bacteria | Front Pharmacol | 2024
Evidence 91 Activity

Activity

MHC
Toxicity
1 µM
Hemolytic
Hemolytic_activity: [Ref.29859288] MHC=1 µM against human red blood cell.##[Ref.2978375] 46.80% hemolysis at 2µM against human red blood cell##[Ref.20472009] Wild-type melittin:AVG ± S.D.(%)=0.077±0.002 (35) against human red blood cell.

Target

erythrocytes

Source & Reference

NA
DRAMP
Gene. 2018 May 30. pii: S0378-1119(18)30617-6.##Molecules. 2018 May 19 23(5). pii: E1220. ##Eur J Biochem. 1983 Sep 1 135(1):123-126.##Peptides. 2010 Aug 31(8):1473-1479.##Toxicon. 2010 Sep 1 56(3):355-362.##Res Dev Tech Rep. 1967 Dec 5:1-13.
Evidence 92 Hemolysis

Source & Reference

APD_complete APD_hemolytic HemoPI PD_Hemolysis
APD_complete APD_hemolytic PD_Hemolysis

Other

Source Activity Label Source Definition
Hemolysis
APD_complete APD-derived hemolytic peptide annotation. APD_hemolytic APD hemolytic peptide annotation.
Additional Detail Fields 1 fields
CHHHHHHHHTTTC CTHHHHHHHTTTCC CTTHHHHTTTTSCC CCCCGGGGGSCCCCCC